An owner transfers title to a property to a buyer in exchange for a consideration. This is an example of

• A. Voluntary alienation
• B. Escheat
• C. Hypothecation
• D. Estoppel

Answer: (A)

Voluntary alienation is the transfer of title by the owner to another person with the owner’s consent and in exchange for value. In a sale, the owner willingly conveys ownership to the buyer and receives payment (consideration) in return, which makes this a voluntary transfer of title.

Escheat would occur if someone dies without heirs and the property reverts to the state, not a sale. Hypothecation means pledging property as collateral for a loan while keeping possession. Estoppel involves preventing someone from taking a different position because of prior actions or statements.